During last decades, when public sector in India had achieved commanding heights, industrial townships were planned, habitats classified as clusters, neighbourhoods, sectors and town. The dwelling units were largely designed as two or three storeys ormulti-storeyed. Land Plots were later auctioned, allowed to be built by private developers. The dwelling unit concepts were reshaped as high rise buildings came to be accepted. The sky line began changing. The large residential complexes came to be known as cities, and thus became cities within cities. The infrastructure planning and designing got specialised split into vertical infrastructure (plumbing), and horizontal infrastructure. This paper touches horizontal configurations where water resource engineers can participate with advantage. The Central water commission, the nodal authority in water resources at centre and WRDs at state level, require to create new units dealing with urban waters including reuse of waste waters for urban needs and forindustrial water reuse applications. Open flow hydraulic design is replaced by Pipe and pressure flow design practice. Water Resource Engineers need to assist water utilities in master planning, reuse of waste water and storm water. The evaluation alsoestablishes the need for a closer linkage in Global water partnership programme. Long distance water transfers, with pressured piped and pumping systems, the extraction of surface water intake designs and conveyance system design from rivers and even from ground water (like Great Man-Made River project in Libya) are well documented. Re-enginnering of river systems in Rhine, Danube and Thames in Europe are known examples of this partnership programmes, where pollutions in the reciving waters was contained, wastewaters were treated and reused.. Experience in treatment of effluents from tanneries,dairy industry, distilleries, paper and pulp had been of interest to Indian engineers, for some time. Within municipal limits of most Indian cities, lies anotherrecognised source of liquid wastes. The biometanation /anaerobic digestion processes for treatment are well known. The aspect so far ignored has however been , the industrial reuse of effluents/ urban waters on large scale for sustainability.and resource recovery. These waters are now included in inventory of new sources of water supply. It is true that small industrial units are getting larger, the effluent from the units experience changes in quantity and quality. It is also true that electricity outages makes the treatment plants unreliable. New industrial plants raise new issues , call for appreciation for water use water recycling practices. State pollution control Boards are groomed into enforce measures adopted for Zero Waste discharges in industrial liquid wastes, internal recycling and reuse of precious resources like water The approval of statutory or urban local bodies is however also required. There are no regulations, which make it mandatory for ULBs, to explore energy water resource regeneration, from these wastes. The schemes financial subsidies and incentives for such ventures through Ministry of Non Renewable Sources of Energy, as well with Ministry of Urban Development, exist, and yet investments are not commercially popular, withinvestors. With increasing population, per capita demand and aggravating polluting loads from wastes, shortage of waters, urban infrastructure services including water, waste water and stormwater infrastructure management have emerged, a discipline on its own merits,. Liquid Effluents in current urban environments are predominently of two types; Municipal wasted liquid effluents including effluents from sugar, milk and brewery units contain lot of organic materials. This effluent is utilised for generating methane gas.. Both aerobic and anaerobic digestion process are well known. Aerobic systems require substantial quantum of electrcal energy, large sized containment vessels. Anaeobic treatment ma
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