Vascular flora of Mount Scalambra (Mounts Ernici, Latium, central Italy).

摘要

This study analyses the vascular flora of Mount Scalambra (north-western sector of the Ernici chain) to improve the knowledge of the floristic heritage of central Italy. This area, placed between the Latium Antiapennines and the Latium-Abruzzo Apennines, has a temperate climate and it is characterized by the predominance of limestones. Its altitude ranges from 400-1420 m asl. The flora is influenced by the location is composed of entities with different origin with a dominance of Euro-Asiatic (35.4%) and Mediterranean sensu lato (31.4%) elements. The list consists of 1164 taxa belonging to 483 genera and 102 families. The richest families are Compositae (138 entities), Gramineae (117) and Leguminosae (109). A total of 87 taxa are considered rare or very rare in Latium and, among these, 2 are new to the flora of the region: Vulpia ligustica var. hispidula and Festuca heteromalla. There are 17 entities included in the Red Regional List of Italian Plants (Conti et al., 1997). Vicia dalmatica, occurring in very few sites, is critically endangered (CR) in Italy while Myosotis incrassata and Lilium martagon are vulnerable in the region. Turritis glabra. subsp. glabra is at considerable risk in Latium. Rosa villosa, Myosotis laxa subsp. caespitosa, Verbascum niveum subsp. garganicum, Centaurea rupestris subsp. rupestris and Asphodeline lutea are at low risk in Latium. Explanatory notes accompany the species of particular interest. The biological spectrum shows the dominance of hemicryptophytes (38.3%) on therophytes (33.5%), in accordance with the geographic position and the macroclimatic features of Mount Scalambra. Besides the richness and the value of its flora, the quality of Mount Scalambra is enhanced by the occurrence of three natural habitats of community interest: the priority habitats - semi-natural dry grasslands and scrubland facies on calcareous substrates (Festuco-Brometalia) (important orchid sites), and pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of Thero-Brachypodietea; and the habitat of Quercus ilex and Q. rotundifolia [Q. ilex] forests..