首页> 外文期刊>Toxicological sciences: An official journal of the Society of Toxicology >The ultraviolet filter 3-benzylidene camphor adversely affects reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).
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The ultraviolet filter 3-benzylidene camphor adversely affects reproduction in fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas).

机译:紫外线过滤器3-亚苄基樟脑会对黑头min鱼(Pimephales promelas)的繁殖产生不利影响。

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摘要

The ultraviolet (UV) filter 3-benzylidene camphor (3BC) is used in personal care products and in a number of materials for UV protection. 3BC has been shown in vitro and in vivo in fish to be estrogenic, but possible effects on fertility and reproduction are unknown. In this study we evaluate whether 3BC affects reproduction of fish Pimephales promelas. After a preexposure period of 21 days, reproductively mature fathead minnows were exposed to increasing concentrations of 3BC for 21 days in a static-renewal procedure. Actual 3BC concentrations decreased to 23% of initial levels and median concentrations were 0.5, 3, 33, 74, and 285 microg/l. 3BC affected reproduction in a dose-dependent manner with weak effects on fecundity at 3 microg/l, a significant decrease at 74 microg/l, and a cessation of reproduction at 285 microg/l. 3BC was accumulated in fish with an average bioconcentration factor of 313 +/- 151. Dose-dependent demasculinization in secondary sex characteristics of male fish and dose-dependent induction of plasma vitellogenin occurred, which was significant at 74 microg/l and higher. 3BC had a profound and dose-dependent effect on the histology of gonads of male and female fish at 3 microg/l and higher. At 74 and 285 microg/l, oocyte and spermatocyte development was inhibited in male and female gonads. Testes of exposed males had much fewer spermatogenic cysts, and ovaries of exposed females had much fewer mature but more atretic, follicles. This study shows significant effects of the UV filter 3BC on fertility, gonadal development, and reproduction of fish after short-term exposure that may have negative consequences on the population level.
机译:紫外线(UV)过滤器3-亚苄基樟脑(3BC)用于个人护理产品和许多用于紫外线防护的材料。已证明鱼体内和体外的3BC具有雌激素作用,但对生育力和繁殖的可能影响尚不清楚。在这项研究中,我们评估了3BC是否会影响鱼Pimephales promelas的繁殖。在21天的预暴露期后,将生殖成熟的黑头min鱼以静态更新程序暴露于浓度不断增加的3BC中21天。实际3BC浓度降至初始水平的23%,中位数浓度为0.5、3、33、74和285微克/升。 3BC以剂量依赖的方式影响繁殖,在3微克/升时对繁殖力的影响微弱,在74微克/升时显着降低,而在285微克/升时停止繁殖。 3BC积累在鱼类中,平均生物富集系数为313 +/-151。雄性鱼类继发性特征中的剂量依赖性去男性化和血浆卵黄蛋白原的剂量依赖性诱导发生,在74微克/升或更高时显着。 3BC对雄性和雌性鱼类性腺的组织学具有深远且剂量依赖性的影响,浓度为3 microg / l或更高。在男性和女性的性腺中,卵母细胞和精子细胞分别以74和285微克/升的速度被抑制。裸露的男性的睾丸生精囊肿少得多,而裸露的雌性卵巢的成熟卵泡少得多,但卵泡则更多。这项研究表明,紫外线过滤剂3BC对短期暴露后的生育能力,性腺发育和鱼类繁殖具有显着影响,这可能会对种群水平产生负面影响。

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