The pharmaceutical industry, which has expanded (developed) remarkably in the 20th century, is put in a difficult condition in the development of new drugs, because not only the progression of innovative technology is delayed but also financial pressure is higher than ever, for example, 1 billion dollars for the development of one drug. The recent growing-higher-medical-expense trend allows the development of remarkably innovative drags as well as other cutting-edge medical technology to become extremely important. Based on these backgrounds, the advancement of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering-backed treatment, which can treat specifically targeting damaged tissues or organs with collected and culturally expanded cells or artificially prepared tissues, is getting high expectations. Namely, the advancement of tissue engineering-based regenerative medicine attracts attention enthusiastically and worldwide, because regenerative medicine is believed not only to solve difficult issues, such as donor shortage, ethical problems, and functional insufficiencies, which are derived from conventional organ transplantation, reconstructive, and artificial organ treatments, respectively, but also to materialize causal treatments that are unavailable today.
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