Robotic Esophagectomy Modified McKeown Approach

摘要

Esophageal carcinoma is a highly lethal disease; untreated, over 95% of symptomatic patients die in less than 12 to 14 months. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma of the esophagus in the United States has demonstrated startling growth in recent years: from 3.6 cases per million population in 1973 to 25.6 cases per million population in 2006.1 Increases in adenocarcinoma incidence are in part due to growth of the known risk factors gastroesophageal reflux disease and obesity. However, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus has been steadily decreasing in the western world because of long-term reductions in tobacco abuse and excessive alcohol consumption.