Currently, there are technology barriers inhibiting speech processing systems that work in extremely noisy conditions from meeting the demands of modem applications. These systems often require a noise reduction system working in combination with a precise voice activity detector (VAD). This paper shows statistical likelihood ratio tests formulated in terms of the integrated bispectrum of the noisy signal. The integrated bispectrum is defined as a cross spectrum between the signal and its square, and therefore a function of a single frequency variable. It inherits the ability of higher order statistics to detect signals in noise with many other additional advantages: (i) Its computation as a cross spectrum leads to significant computational savings, and (ii) the variance of the estimator is of the same order as that of the power spectrum estimator. The proposed approach incorporates contextual information to the decision rule, a strategy that has reported significant benefits for robust speech recognition applications. The proposed VAD is compared to the G.729, adaptive multirate, and advanced front-end standards as well as recently reported algorithms showing a sustained advantage in speechonspeech detection accuracy and speech recognition performance. (C) 2007 Acoustical Society of America.
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