Imagine a cylindrical tank of radius r which is kept filled with water at depth H. Open a circular array of n holes at height h, h < H, on the surface of the cylinder, as indicated in Figure 1. Under the force of gravity, water spurts through these holes perpendicular to the cylinder's surface, and creates an aura of a water surface l.As n→∞the illusion is more or less complete. What h value maximises the surface area of l and, again, what h value maximises the volume under l?
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