The National AIDS Control Programme of India (NACO) has been delivering targeted interventions for high risk groups since 1996. Surveillance data for 2008-2009 confirms declining HIV infections amongst female sex workers but there has been an increasing trend in many states amongst injecting drug users (IDUs); the current national HIV prevalence amongst IDUs is 9.2% (NACO, 2010). The number of IDU targeted interventions has increased from 90 by the end of 2007 to 268 in July 2011 covering approximately 142 000 IDUs (80% of the estimated 177000 IDUs) with interventions such as needle syringe distribution, condom provision, HIV counselling and testing and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.
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