Effects of potassium chloride and potassium bicarbonate in the diet on urinary pH and mineral excretion of adult cats.

摘要

Low dietary K levels have been associated with increasing renal Ca excretion in humans, indicating a higher risk of calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolith formation. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate whether dietary K also affects the urine composition of cats. A total of eight adult cats were fed diets containing 0^.31 % native K and 0^.50, 0^.75 and 1^.00 % K from KCl or KHCO₃ and were evaluated for the effects of dietary K. High dietary K levels were found to elevate urinary K concentrations (P< 0^.001). Renal Ca excretion was higher in cats fed the KCl diets than in those fed the KHCO₃ diets (P= 0^.026), while urinary oxalate concentrations were generally lower in cats fed the KCl diets and only dependent on dietary K levels in cats fed the KHCO₃ diets (P< 0^.05). Fasting urine pH increased with higher dietary K levels (P= 0^.022), reaching values of 6^.38 (1^.00 % KCl) and 7^.65 (1^.00 % KHCO₃). K retention was markedly negative after feeding the cats with the basal diet ( - 197 mg/d) and the 0^.50 % KCl diet ( - 131 mg/d), while the cats tended to maintain their balance on being fed the highest-KCl diet ( - 23^.3 mg/d). In contrast, K from KHCO₃ was more efficiently retained (P= 0^.018), with K retention being between - 82^.5 and 52^.5 mg/d. In conclusion, the dietary inclusion of KHCO₃ instead of KCl as K source could be beneficial for the prevention of CaOx urolith formation in cats, since there is an association between a lower renal Ca excretion and a generally higher urine pH. The utilisation of K is distinctly influenced by the K salt, which may be especially practically relevant when using diets with low K levels