The spread and impact of the introduced vespine wasps Vespula germanica (F.) and Vespula vulgaris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) in Tasmania

摘要

The dispersal since introduction and current distribution of the two vespine wasps present in Tasmania, Vespula germanica (F.) and Vespula vulgaris (L.), is documented. The economic effects on agriculture, forestry and tourism are outlined and an appraisal of possible environmental impacts made.