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Time-Frequency-Wavenumber Analysis of Surface Waves Using the Continuous Wavelet Transform

机译:使用连续小波变换的表面波时频波数分析

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A modified approach to surface wave dispersion analysis using active sources is proposed. The method is based on continuous recordings, and uses the continuous wavelet transform to analyze the phase velocity dispersion of surface waves. This gives the possibility to accurately localize the phase information in time, and to isolate the most significant contribution of the surface waves. To extract the dispersion information, then, a hybrid technique is applied to the narrowband filtered seismic recordings. The technique combines the flexibility of the slant stack method in identifying waves that propagate in space and time, with the resolution of f-k approaches. This is particularly beneficial for higher mode identification in cases of high noise levels. To process the continuous wavelet transform, a new mother wavelet is presented and compared to the classical and widely used Morlet type. The proposed wavelet is obtained from a raised-cosine envelope function (Hanning type). The proposed approach is particularly suitable when using continuous recordings (e. g., from seismological-like equipment) since it does not require any hardware-based source triggering. This can be subsequently done with the proposed method. Estimation of the surface wave phase delay is performed in the frequency domain by means of a covariance matrix averaging procedure over successive wave field excitations. Thus, no record stacking is necessary in the time domain and a large number of consecutive shots can be used. This leads to a certain simplification of the field procedures. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the method, we tested it on synthetics as well on real field data. For the real case we also combine dispersion curves from ambient vibrations and active measurements.
机译:提出了一种使用有源源进行表面波频散分析的改进方法。该方法基于连续记录,并使用连续小波变换来分析表面波的相速度色散。这样就可以及时准确地定位相位信息,并隔离出表面波的最大贡献。为了提取色散信息,然后,将混合技术应用于窄带滤波地震记录。该技术结合了倾斜堆方法在识别在时空上传播的波时的灵活性以及f-k方法的分辨率。在高噪声水平的情况下,这对于更高模式的识别特别有利。为了处理连续小波变换,提出了一种新的母小波并将其与经典且广泛使用的Morlet类型进行比较。拟议的小波是从余弦包络函数(汉宁型)获得的。当使用连续记录(例如,来自类似地震设备的记录)时,所提出的方法特别适合,因为它不需要任何基于硬件的源触发。随后可以使用建议的方法完成此操作。表面波相位延迟的估计是在频域中通过对连续波场激励进行协方差矩阵平均的过程来执行的。因此,在时域中不需要记录堆叠,并且可以使用大量连续镜头。这导致现场程序的某种简化。为了证明该方法的有效性,我们在合成材料以及实际数据上对其进行了测试。对于真实情况,我们还结合了来自环境振动和主动测量的色散曲线。

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