Until now, waste disposal has been done mainly by incineration, however because of various problems/concerns related to dioxin and the strict requirements for land-filling of the incineration ash/cinder, melting treatments, which decrease the volume of waste to be handled and produce a slag that can be recycled, have begun to attract considerable attention. Gasification melting furnaces were invented in Japan but waste-melting rotary kilns have been used in Europe for a long time. The main gasification melting furnace consists of two independent furnaces (gasification furnace and melting furnace). On the other hand, the waste-melting rotary kiln has a lot of merit because both gasification and melting can be done simultaneously in one kiln, and it can treat wide ranges of waste in its size and kinds. This paper provides an overview of the damage to refractories in waste melting rotary kilns and associated refractory development activities.
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