Resilience and Psychological Impairment in Adulthood: The Impact of Age and Social Inequality

摘要

In a cross-sectional study the influence of social inequality on resilience and psychological distress was investigated in a sample of N = 4142 adults. A social stratum was created, including education, financial income and job-status, as well as age (>= 25 years). Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) showed influences of gender, social status and age on resilience (RS-11) and psychological distress: depression (PHQ-2), anxiety (GAD-7), life satisfaction (FLZ(M)). In contrast to the most continuous influence of the social background in women across any age-group, older males (>65 years) were not affected by their social background. In both sexes members of the social underclass had the lowest resilience. The results indicate the need for specific intervention as to prevention.