Hepatitis Incidence and Prevalence in the Community

摘要

The National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System compiles case reports on viral hepatitis. In 2009, the National Immunization Survey noted that 92.4% of preschoolers received vaccinations for hepatitis B and <1% were not vaccinated. Hepatitis A Virus (HAV); Incidence rates of HAV have been varying cyclically every 10 to 15 years. After peaking in 1995, the rate dropped in both males and females and in all age groups until 2011, then increased by 14% between 2012 and 2013 (0.6 cases/100,000 population). In 2013, HAV prevalence was highest in persons aged 30 to 39 years (0.74/100,000) and lowest in those aged 0 to 9 years (0.14/100,000). Since 2008, the rate of HAV has been consistently higher in Asians/Pacific Islanders (0.57 cases/100,000 in 2013) than in other racial/ethnic groups. HAV-related mortality rates were higher in males (0.03 deaths/100,000) compared with females (0.01 deaths/100,000). Unlike hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), HAV does not cause chronic infection.