Motivation by Anticipation: Expecting Rapid Feedback Enhances Performance

摘要

We have all waited to receive evaluations of our perfor-mance. Indeed, feedback on some of life's most consequentialendeavors—such as writing exams, developing business pro-posals, and preparing manuscripts for publication—arriveswith substantial delay. Although the importance of feedback inlearning and other domains is well recognized (e.g., Schmidt& Bjork, 1992), the question of whether people's performanceis influenced by when they expect to receive feedback on it hasnot been examined previously.