Polymer nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes for semiconducting layers of high-voltage power cables

摘要

Polymer nanocomposites reinforced with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been newly introduced for semiconducting layers of high-voltage electrical power cables. Homogeneity of the MWCNT-reinforced polymer nanocomposites was achieved by solution mixing, and their mechanical, thermal and electrical properties were investigated depending on the type of polymer. By changing the polymer matrix, the volume resistance of the MWCNT-reinforced polymer nanocomposites could be varied by more than four orders of magnitude. Through systematic experiments and analysis, two possible factors affecting the volume resistance were found. One is the degree of crystallinity of the polymer used and the other is the change of MWCNT morphology under strain. By increasing the degree of crystallinity above a certain level, the volume resistance linearly increased. The MWCNTs embedded in the nanocomposites gradually protruded through the surface on stretching the sample and reversibly returned back to the original positions at a relatively small strain (below 20%). Based on the criteria of tensile properties and volume resistance, a poly[ethylene-co-(ethyl acrylate)]/MWCNT nanocomposite was selected as the best candidate for the semiconducting layers of high-voltage electrical power cables.