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Ultrasonic eggshell thickness measurement for selection of layers

机译:超声波蛋壳厚度测量,用于选择层

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摘要

This study aimed to develop a methodology for using ultrasonic technology (USG) to record eggshell thickness for selection of layers. Genetic correlations between eggshell strength and its thickness have been reported to be around 0.8, making shell thickness a selection index candidate element. Applying ultrasonic devices to measure shell thickness leaves an egg intact for further handling. In this study, eggs from 2 purebred populations of Rhode Island White (RIW) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) hens were collected on a single day in the 33rd week of the farm laying calendar from 2,414 RIR and 4,525 RIW hens. Beginning from the large end of the egg, measurements were taken at 5 latitudes: 0 degrees (USG0), 45 degrees (USG45), 90 degrees (USG90), 135 degrees (USG135), and 180 degrees (USG180). To estimate the repeatability of readings, measurements were repeated at each parallel on 3 meridians. Electronic micrometer measurement (EMM) were taken with an electronic micrometer predominantly at the wider end of eggs from 2,397 RIR and 4,447 RIW hens. A multiple-trait statistical model fit the fixed effect of year-of-hatch x hatch-within-year, and random effects due to repeated measurements (except EMM) and an animal's additive genetic component. The shell was thinnest in the region where chicks break it upon hatching (USG0, USG45). Heritabilities of shell thickness in different regions of the shell ranged from 0.09 to 0.19 (EMM) in RIW and from 0.12 to 0.23 (EMM) in RIR and were highest for USG45 and USG0. Because the measurement repeatabilities were all above 0.90, our recommendation for balancing egg strength against hatching ease is to take a single measurement of USG45. Due to high positive genetic correlations between shell thickness in different regions of the shell its thickness in the pointed end region will be modified accordingly, in response to selection for USG45.
机译:这项研究旨在开发一种使用超声波技术(USG)记录蛋壳厚度以选择蛋鸡的方法。据报道,蛋壳强度与其厚度之间的遗传相关性约为0.8,这使蛋壳厚度成为选择指数的候选元素。使用超声波设备测量蛋壳厚度可使鸡蛋完整无损,以便进一步处理。在这项研究中,在农场第33周的一天内,从2个纯种种群的罗德岛白(RIW)和罗德岛红(RIR)母鸡中收集了鸡蛋,产蛋量为2,414 RIR和4,525 RIW。从卵的大端开始,在5个纬度下进行测量:0度(USG0),45度(USG45),90度(USG90),135度(USG135)和180度(USG180)。为了估计读数的可重复性,在三个子午线上的每个平行位置重复测量。电子千分尺测量(EMM)主要使用电子千分尺在来自2,397 RIR和4,447 RIW母鸡的卵的较宽末端。多特征统计模型拟合了孵化年x孵化年内的固定效应,以及由于重复测量(EMM除外)和动物的累加遗传成分而产生的随机效应。在孵化过程中小鸡将其折断的区域,壳最薄(USG0,USG45)。在RIW中,壳的不同区域的壳厚度遗传力范围为0.09至0.19(EMM),而在RIR中为0.12至0.23(EMM),对于USG45和USG0最高。由于测量的重复性均在0.90以上,因此建议平衡USG45的鸡蛋强度与孵化的难易程度。由于在壳的不同区域中的壳厚度之间的高正遗传相关性,响应于对USG45的选择,其尖端区域中的厚度将被相应地修改。

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