Androgenesis in Hordeum vulgare L.: effects of mannitol, calcium and abscisic acid on anther pretreatment.

摘要

Pretreatment-induced androgenesis of H. vulgare cv. Igri was investigated in order to identify factors controlling optimal plant production. The influence of the pre-medium and of the concentration of mannitol and calcium were investigated. Increasing concentrations of each of the compounds resulted in a higher osmolality and improved production of embryo-like structures (ELS) and plants. Optimal ELS production occurred after anther pretreatment in 20 mM CaCl2, while optimal plant production occurred after anther pretreatment in 30 mM CaCl2. The same effects occurred when calcium was replaced by potassium ions. Since abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in several developmental processes, and is known to be induced by various stresses, the effects of ABA and the ABA biosynthesis inhibitor fluridone on the induction of androgenesis was investigated. Although external addition of ABA did not significantly affect ELS or plant production during pretreatment, addition of fluridone significantly reduced plant production. The possible mechanism of pretreatment in induction of androgenesis is discussed.