The Symbolic Meaning of Mosque Architecture as Adaptation to the Residential Environment, in the Social, Economic and Cultural Contexts in Lombok

摘要

The island of Lombok in Central Indonesia is native to Muslim Sasak ethnicity, but before 1400 there was still animism with a natural object-oriented housing environment as a symbol of 'the mother of all places'. After becoming Islam, it was adapted as 'the mother of waiting space' with a symbol of mosque architecture. The architecture of the mosque reflects the social, cultural and economic aspects of the people of Lombok. The large number of mosques shows that Islam is dominant in the lives of Sasak people. Its architecture in the early roofs was tile-roofed like a house, changed into a dome to show the identity of Islamic architecture. Intersubjectively the dome is accepted because it matches the shape of the food hood in Sasak culture. Many mosques adapt to high domes and towers, prominently in modest residential environments. This research is to understand the transformation that makes the number of mosques very large in Lombok. Using descriptive-analytical-qualitative methods based on environmental culture analyzes the symbolic meaning of mosque architecture in the Social, Economic and Sasak Cultural contexts.