Is the self-read water meter a pro-poor innovation? Evidence from a low-income settlement in Nairobi

摘要

This study investigates the Jisomee Mita, an innovation based on ICT-powered metering at property level aimed at increasing access to piped water and sewerage in low-income areas in Nairobi, Kenya. We present empirical findings from field investigations and actor interviews, which are analysed using a novel framework drawing on studies of business models, sustainability transition, and the history of technology. We explore the critical interface between utility infrastructure and potential customers as a locus of innovation. We find that the property owners are the main benefactors of self-read meters, while low-income end-users still depend on overpriced and unsafe water. The Jisomee Mita thus cannot be called a pro-poor innovation in its current implementation and context.