The term FFFS refers to a range of technologies that use water as the suppression agent, or water with an additive or some other extinguishing agent. These systems are installed as part of the tunnel infrastructure and require no additional elements to be added when called upon to fight fires. As such, these systems are part of the "fixed" installation, having been installed for the specific purpose of controlling a fire incident over a specific area and are activated automatically, semi-automatically, or manually from a remote location. FFFS are now recognised as one of a range of active technologies which, when appropriately designed, integrated, installed, operated and maintained can positively contribute to asset protection and life safety.
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