Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors

摘要

Background Gastrointestinal (GI) carcinoid tumors less than 10 mm in diameter and limited to the submucosal layer demonstrate a low frequency of lymph node and distant metastasis; endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been used to treat these tumors. However, the number of reported sample cases of rectal carcinoid tumors treated with ESD remains insufficient, and the safety and efficacy of ESD for gastric and duodenal carcinoid tumors have not been elucidated to date.