The non-rival nature of knowledge as a productive asset creates the possibility of knowledge spillovers, defined as the external benefits from the creation of knowledge that accrue to parties other than the creator. Occurring at multiple levels of analysis, be it within or across organizations and networks, the idea of spillovers has been pervasive in scholarship in multiple literature domains. A few among these are: technology transfer, spatial agglomeration, networks, employee mobility, real options, organizational learning, and evolution of innovations, firms and industries.
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