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System design and feasibility of trigeneration systems with hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) collectors for zero energy office buildings in different climates

机译:具有混合光伏 - 热(PVT)收集器的零能量办公大楼的系统设计与可行性

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摘要

Zero or plus energy office buildings must have very high building standards and require highly efficient energy supply systems due to space limitations for renewable installations. Conventional solar cooling systems use photovoltaic electricity or thermal energy to run either a compression-cooling machine or an absorption-cooling machine in order to produce cooling energy during daytime, while they use electricity from the grid for the nightly cooling energy demand. With a hybrid photovoltaic-thermal collector, electricity as well as thermal energy can be produced at the same time. These collectors can produce also cooling energy at nighttime by long-wave radiation exchange with the night sky and convection losses to the ambient air. Such a renewable trigeneration system offers new fields of applications. However, the technical, ecological and economical aspects of such systems are still largely unexplored.In this work, the potential of a PVT system to heat and cool office buildings in three different climate zones is investigated. In the investigated system, PVT collectors act as a heat source and heat sink for a reversible heat pump. Due to the reduced electricity consumption (from the grid) for heat rejection, the overall efficiency and economics improve compared to a conventional solar cooling system using a reversible air-to-water heat pump as heat and cold source.A parametric simulation study was carried out to evaluate the system design with different PVT surface areas and storage tank volumes to optimize the system for three different climate zones and for two different building standards. It is shown such a systems are technically feasible today. With a maximum utilization of PV electricity for heating, ventilation, air conditioning and other electricity demand such as lighting and plug loads, high solar fractions and primary energy savings can be achieved.Annual costs for such a system are comparable to conventional solar thermal and solar electrical cooling systems. Nevertheless, the economic feasibility strongly depends on country specific energy prices and energy policy. However, even in countries without compensation schemes for energy produced by renewables, this system can still be economically viable today. It could be shown, that a specific system dimensioning can be found at each of the investigated locations worldwide for a valuable economic and ecological operation of an office building with PVT technologies in different system designs.
机译:零或加能办公楼必须具有非常高的建筑标准,并且由于可再生安装的空间限制,因此需要高效的能源系统。传统的太阳能冷却系统使用光伏电或热能来运行压缩冷却机或吸收冷却机,以便在白天期间产生冷却能量,同时它们使用来自电网的电力以进行夜间冷却能量需求。通过混合光伏 - 热集电极,可以同时生产电力以及热能。这些收集器可以通过长波辐射交换,在夜间天空和环境空气中的对流损失,在夜间生产冷却能量。这种可再生的三合能系统提供了新的应用领域。然而,这种系统的技术,生态和经济方面仍然很大程度上是未开发的。在这项工作中,研究了PVT系统在三种不同气候区中加热和凉爽的办公大楼的潜力。在调查系统中,PVT收集器充当可逆热泵的热源和散热器。由于电力消耗量降低(来自电网)进行热排斥,与使用可逆的空气热泵作为热和冷源的传统太阳能冷却系统相比,整体效率和经济性改善。参数化模拟研究进行了用不同的PVT表面区域和储罐卷评估系统设计,以优化三种不同气候区的系统,以及两种不同的建筑标准。它显示出这样的系统今天在技术上是可行的。通过最大限度地利用PV电力进行加热,通风,空调和其他电力需求,如照明和插头载荷,可以实现高太阳能分数和初级节能。这种系统的成本与传统的太阳能热和太阳能相当电冷却系统。然而,经济可行性强烈依赖于国家特定能源价格和能源政策。然而,即使在没有可再生能源产生的能源的赔偿方案的国家,这个系统仍然可以在今天经济上可行。可以示出,可以在全世界的每个调查的位置找到特定的系统尺寸,以获得不同系统设计中PVT技术的办公大楼的有价值的经济和生态运行。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Solar Energy》 |2020年第1期|39-48|共10页
  • 作者单位

    Reutlingen Univ HHZ Danziger Str 6 D-71034 Boblingen Germany;

    Univ Appl Sci Stuttgart Ctr Appl Res Sustainable Energy Technol Zafh Net Schellingstr 24 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany;

    Univ Appl Sci Stuttgart Ctr Appl Res Sustainable Energy Technol Zafh Net Schellingstr 24 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany;

    Univ Appl Sci Stuttgart Ctr Appl Res Sustainable Energy Technol Zafh Net Schellingstr 24 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany;

    Univ Appl Sci Stuttgart Ctr Appl Res Sustainable Energy Technol Zafh Net Schellingstr 24 D-70174 Stuttgart Germany|Concordia Univ Dept Bldg Civil & Environm Engn 1455 Maisonneuve W Montreal PQ H3G 1M8 Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Solar cooling; Hybrid PVT collectors; Economic and ecological analysis; Night radiative cooling; Zero energy office buildings;

    机译:太阳能冷却;混合PVT收藏家;经济和生态分析;夜辐射冷却;零能量办公楼;

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