Parental co-exposure to bisphenol A and nano-TiO_2 causes thyroid endocrine disruption and developmental neurotoxicity in zebrafish offspring

摘要

The coexistence of organic toxicants and nanoparticles in the environment influences pollutant bioavailability and toxicity. Using chronic co-exposure to an adult zebrafish model, this study investigated the transfer kinetics and transgenerational effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO2) exposure in F1 offspring. When single and combined exposure to BPA (0, 2, and 20 mu g/L) and n-TiO2 (100 mu g/L) were compared, combined exposure was found to reciprocally facilitate bioaccumulation in adult fish while enhancing maternal transfer to offspring. Thyroid endocrine disruption and developmental neuroloxiciLy were observed in larval offspring by parental exposure to BPA alone or in combination with n-TiO2. Exposure to 20 mu g/L BPA significantly decreased the thyroxine (T4) concentration in adult plasma, leading to less transfer info the eggs. The presence of 20 mu g/L BPA with n-TiO2 further decreased the level of T4 compared lo BPA exposure alone. Additionally, offspring larvae derived from exposed parents exhibited lethargic swimming behavior. Overall, this study examined the interactions of BPA and n-TiO2 with regard lo their bioaccumulation, maternal transfer, and developmental effects, which highlighted that co-exposure dynamics are important and need to be considered for accurate environmental risk assessment. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.