A review on the water-energy nexus for drinking water production from humid air

摘要

The Supply of sustainable freshwater has turned into a fundamental problem in numerous countries. The increment in population, the industrialization of the world, and variation in global warming temperatures lead to an increase in droughts, storms, and floods around the world. Therefore, the problems of water scarcity appear worldwide. Contrary to popular belief, the largest reserves of water are available in the air. Accordingly, several technologies have been developed for the production of drinking water from humid air in the research works. But, the critical problem is the high energy consumption in this equipment. Therefore, the issues of water-energy nexus are the particular subject in the design and the construction of this equipment. The use of renewable energy (solar and wind energy) proposed as the solution for the reduction of energy costs. For example, the development of new desiccants for water harvesting by the utilization of solar energy has been reported in the literature. This paper describes an overall summarized presentational view of the various technologies for water extraction from humid air with the focusing on the water-energy nexus.