駅の階段とホーム狭隘部における混雑時の歩行安全性評価

摘要

都心の駅構内では，大規模な旅客流動が日常的に発生する。特に，朝夕のラッシュアワーには，旅客が集中し，駅構内のホーム，階段は混雑した状態となりやすい。また，輸送障害などに起因する列車遅延が生じた場合には，駅構内に滞留する旅客が増加しやすい他，運転見合わせなどに伴う振替輸送が行われた場合には，迂回先となる他の路線や駅に通常時を上回る旅客が集中することもある。更に，災害の影響で，都市全域にわたって運行を停止していた鉄道が，運行を再開した直後も，一部の駅に多数の旅客が一斉に押し寄せ，ホームや階段が混雑する場合がある。%Stations in urban area are usually congested. If a station doesn't have enough capacity for unusually large numbers of passengers, they may be exposed to risks of crowd disasters. But so far criteria about crowd safety have not existed except the experiential knowledge. An experimental study was performed to reveal some of criteria about crowd safety on stairs and platforms, which are the riskiest places in stations. Through experiments, the density of crowd which makes passengers on stairs feel uneasy and the density variation at narrow parts of platforms were acquired. From these results, an approach to new criteria of crowd safety and evaluation methods using these criteria obtained was derived.