The effects of inland waterway deregulation on rail freight in Belgium

摘要

Since 30 November 1998, inland waterway freight movements have been completely deregulated in Belgium (and the Netherlands) as a result of the decision to enforce European Directive 96/75 of November 1996 in advance of the official legal deadline. In Germany, a similar step had already been taken on 1 January 1994, by contrast with France, which waited until the last possible minute before conforming to the new regulations from 1 January 2001.