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Phosphate location and reaction in an archaeoanthrosol on shell-mound in the Lakes Region, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

机译:巴西里约热内卢州莱克斯湖地区贝丘中古生蒽溶液中磷酸盐的位置和反应

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摘要

Prehistoric shell middens, called "sambaquis", occur along the Brazilian coast, but their geoarchaeological and pedological contexts remain little explored. We characterized micromorphological attributes and forms of phosphate of key horizons of a soil at Sambaqui. We identified how pedogenesis may affect archaeological materials, helping interpretations relating to the occurrence of elevated concentrations of phosphate, associated with habitation. Micromorphology and microchemical analysis using SEM/EDS investigated well-studied horizons of these shell midden soils. Phosphate mobility is demonstrated by the occurrence of secondary Ca-phosphates in deeper strata free from artifacts, below the midden. Ca-apatite forms well-defined microaggregates of illuvial/chemical origin. The primary sources of the Ca and P have disappeared, and we suggest they were organic materials and ash rather than the existing fragments of bone apatite or shells present in the overlying archaeoanthrosol. The in situ preservation of denser and larger bone fragments may be attributed to the apatite-rich micromass, which retards Ca-apatite dissolution from bone fragments. The presence of phosphate-rich lower strata without direct anthropic inputs indicates that P leaching and precipitation as secondary forms has occurred during wet climate episodes.
机译:史前的贝壳类中栖动物,称为“桑巴奎人”,发生在巴西沿岸,但其地质考古学和教育学背景仍然很少被探索。我们表征了Sambaqui土壤关键层的微形态特征和磷酸盐的形态。我们确定了成岩作用如何影响考古材料,有助于解释与栖息地相关的磷酸盐浓度升高的发生。使用SEM / EDS进行的微观形态和微观化学分析研究了这些壳中土壤的研究透彻的视野。磷酸盐的流动性由中层以下无伪影的较深层中次生Ca-磷酸盐的存在来证明。钙磷灰石形成了明确的来自微生物/化学来源的微聚集体。 Ca和P的主要来源已经消失,我们建议它们是有机物质和灰烬,而不是上覆古生炭溶胶中存在的骨磷灰石或贝壳碎片。致密和较大骨碎片的原位保存可能归因于富含磷灰石的微质量,这阻碍了钙磷灰石从骨碎片中的溶解。没有直接的人类活动输入的富含磷酸盐的下部地层的存在表明,在湿润的气候事件中磷作为第二种形式浸出和沉淀。

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  • 来源
    《Quaternary International》 |2013年第27期|16-23|共8页
  • 作者单位

    Federal University of Western Para, Santarem, Brazil,Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Solos,UFV. Av. PH Rolfs, s, Campus Universitario, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil;

    Federal University of Western Para, Santarem, Brazil,Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Solos,UFV. Av. PH Rolfs, s, Campus Universitario, 36570-000 Viçosa, MG, Brazil;

    University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia;

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