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外文期刊>THE PLANT CELL
>The PLASTID DIVISION1 and 2 Components of the Chloroplast Division Machinery Determine the Rate of Chloroplast Division in Land Plant Cell Differentiation
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The PLASTID DIVISION1 and 2 Components of the Chloroplast Division Machinery Determine the Rate of Chloroplast Division in Land Plant Cell Differentiation
n nnnIn most algae, the chloroplast division rate is held constantto maintain the proper number of chloroplasts per cell. By contrast,land plants evolved cell and chloroplast differentiation systemsin which the size and number of chloroplasts change along withtheir respective cellular function by regulation of the divisionrate. Here, we show that PLASTID DIVISION (PDV) proteins, landplant–specific components of the division apparatus, determinethe rate of chloroplast division. Overexpression of PDV proteinsin the angiosperm Arabidopsis thaliana and the moss Physcomitrellapatens increased the number but decreased the size of chloroplasts;reduction of PDV levels resulted in the opposite effect. Thelevel of PDV proteins, but not other division components, decreasedduring leaf development, during which the chloroplast divisionrate also decreased. Exogenous cytokinins or overexpressionof the cytokinin-responsive transcription factor CYTOKININ RESPONSEFACTOR2 increased the chloroplast division rate, where PDV proteins,but not other components of the division apparatus, were upregulated.These results suggest that the integration of PDV proteins intothe division machinery enabled land plant cells to change chloroplastsize and number in accord with the fate of cell differentiation.展开▼
机译:ABSTRACTn FONT> TH> TR> TABLE> n
n TOP n <字体颜色= 464c53>抽象 FONT> n 介绍 n 结果 n 讨论 n 方法 n 参考资料 n FONT> TH> TR> TABLE> n nnn在大多数藻类中,叶绿体分裂速率保持恒定 SUP>确保每个细胞的叶绿体数量正确。相比之下, SUP>陆地植物进化了细胞和叶绿体分化系统 SUP>,其中叶绿体的大小和数量随 SUP>的变化通过调节它们的细胞功能而改变。 SUP>比率。在这里,我们显示了PLASTID DIVISION(PDV)蛋白,土地 SUP>植物特定成分的分裂装置,决定了 SUP>叶绿体分裂的速率。 PDV蛋白 SUP>在被子植物 Arabidopsis thaliana I>和苔藓 Physcomitrella SUP> SUP>中的过度表达增加了数量,但减小了叶绿体; PDV水平的 SUP>降低导致相反的效果。在叶片发育过程中,PDV蛋白的 SUP>水平(但没有其他分裂成分)降低了 SUP>,在此期间叶绿体分裂 SUP>的速率也降低了。外源细胞分裂素或细胞分裂素应答转录因子细胞分裂素反应 SUP> FACTOR2 I>的过表达 SUP>增加了叶绿体分裂率,其中PDV蛋白 SUP>而不是分裂装置的其他组件被上调。 SUP>这些结果表明,PDV蛋白整合到 SUP>分裂机制中使陆地植物细胞能够改变叶绿体 SUP>大小和数目符合细胞分化的命运。 SUP>
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