京都議定書3条3項の下におけるARD把握手法の評価

摘要

人類の活動が気候変動に与える影響の緩和を目的として締結された気候変動枠組み条約では，京都議定書を採択して具体的な義務や方策を示した（UNFCCC,1997）。京都議定書では，先進国の各国別に温室効果ガスの排出量の削減目標を定めており，基準年となる1990年に較べて最初の約束期間（第一約束期間）となる2008年から2012年の5年間の平均排出量を，全体として5.2%削減することとされている。%Principles of Afforestation, Reforestation, and Deforestation (ARD) provided in Article 3.3 of the Kyoto Protocol should be monitored as land-uses change relative to the base year of 1990. Although the use of remote sensing technology is effective for this purpose, it is difficult to detect land-use changes by digital image analysis. Therefore, the Japanese Government adopted a photo-interpretation method which uses aerial photographs and SPOT-5/HRV-P images for ARD monitoring. In this study, verification of this method was conducted. Kumamoto Prefecture was adopted as study area. Lattice points at 500 m intervals were sampled for photo-interpretation. A field survey was performed to evaluate the accuracy of the results obtained by photo-interpretation. The survey indicated values of 68.8 % for AR, and 90.9 % for D. Moreover, the ARD assessment in Akita and Ishikawa Prefectures was interpreted using the same method and the data were compared with the statistical material. The numerical values of both methods corresponded approximately. As a result, the photo-interpretation method enabled monitoring of ARD with a high degree of certainty for the Kyoto Protocol report.