Three major conclusions were developed based on the analyses presented: 1. The ASHRAE handbook zone method with the proposed zone-width equation can accurately estimate the R-values of precast concrete sandwich panels containing metal wythe connectors. The proposed zone-width equation is applicable within the range of variables shown in Table 1. 2. The proposed zone-width equation can effectively consider the effects of metal wythe connector sizes and spacing, material conductivities, and panel thicknesses in the zone method of R-value computation. 3. The current zone method with the original zone-width equation predicts higher R-values than the FEM R-values.
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