Development and experimental validation of a Nuttall apodized fiber Bragg Grating sensor with a hydrophobic polymer coating suitable for monitoring sea surface temperature

摘要

Continuous monitoring of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) is essential for predicting and understanding various complex meteorological processes. In this work, a novel fiber optic temperature sensor based on an apodized Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) is proposed for measuring variations in SST. The sensor head is fabricated based on optimized grating profile and coating material. Experimental analysis reveals that the proposed sensor yields a temperature sensitivity of 13 pm/degrees C with a resolution of 0.023 degrees C in the temperature ranging from 16 degrees C to 30 degrees C. Performance of the proposed temperature sensor is validated against commercial ocean sensors which provides a mean error of 0.2342 degrees C thereby proving the potential of the proposed FBG sensor for efficient SST monitoring in real-time.