Three-Component Measurements of the Structure of the Electromagnetic Field in the Extremely-Low-Frequency and Ultralow-Frequency Bands

摘要

The possibility of application of the results of measurements of the vertical electric-field component E (z) and two horizontal magnetic-field components H-x and H-y for investigation of propagation of the electromagnetic signal in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide is discussed. A technique for determination of the transfer function of an active vertical electric antenna for measuring E-z is analyzed. A method for matching the transfer functions of the electric antenna and magnetic-induction sensors in the extremely-low-frequency (ELF) and ultralow-frequency (ULF) bands is described. As an example of the use of recorded E (z) data, diurnal variations in ratio |E-z |/|H| ,which supposedly depend on the variations in the ionospheric D layer, are presented and the angles of arrival of the atmospherics at the reception point are estimated in the angular range -pi to +pi, which cannot be performed with the use of only the recorded horizontal magneticfield components.