Solarium perlongistylum and S. catilliflorum, New Endemic Peruvian Species of Solarium, Section Basarthrum, Are Close Relatives of the Domesticated Pepino, S. muricatum

摘要

Two species new to Solarium sect, Easarthrum (Bitter) Bitter are described, Solanum perlongistylum G.J. Anderson, Martine, Prohens & Nuez and S. catilliflorum G.J. Anderson, Martine, Prohens & Nuez are narrowly distributed species from southern Peru in the group that includes the Andean domesticate S. muricatum Aiton and are very closely related to the widespread S. caripeme Dunal. Solanum catilliflorum bears small, dish-shaped flowers (for which it is named) and is self-compatible and autogamous, with short styles like those that characterize all self-compatible species in this section. It also has a low pollen:ovule ratio, which is characteristic of self-compatible species in the group. On the other hand, the style of the self-incompatible S. perlongistylum is the longest in the group, and its flowers have a higher pollenrovule ratio. Both species are diploid at re = 12. We hypothesize that these two species may be peripheral isolates from the widespread and variable S. caripense.