Before the rise of fascism in the 1930s, Germany was a world leader in science - to the point that researchers across the globe had to learn German to follow the major scientific literature. The Germany that emerged from the Second World War, which reducedrnthe country to ashes, was entirely stripped of its intellectual glory. It had to rebuild its infrastructure and institutions, including those for science, from scratch. Cold-war politics dictated that this would be done in two divided states.
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