People who lead councils today but don't engage middle managers often feel like they've hit 'the wall.' Sometimes called the 'granite layer' but more accurately viewed as a permafrost, people in the middle of councils can remain one of our hard to reach groups. In Boston, we're on our way to cracking it. We've drilled down and our middle managers are warming to us. It wasn't easy. Managers in the middle always have a tough time - they get it from above and below.
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