Turkmenistan

摘要

Area: 488,100 sq.km; 3% arable, 69% meadows and pastures, 28% other. Coastline: landlocked (1,786km coastline on the Caspian Sea). Population: 4,940,916 (July 2010 est.); annual growth rate 1.14% (2010 est.). The population is 77% Turkmen, 6.7% Russian, 9.2% Uzbek, 7.1% other. Religions: Muslim 89%, Russian Ortodox 9%, other or unknown 2%. Language: Turkmen, Russian, Uzbek. Literacy rate: 98%. Long-form or legal name: Republic of Turkmenistan (Turkmanistan Respublikasy). Type of government: Republic. Administrative divisions: 5 districts (welayatlar). Legal system: Based on civil law system. Branches of government: The President, elected by popular vote (currently serving for life) is both Head of State and Government; Cabinet appointed by the President; unicameral legislative (50-member (Majlis). Suffrage: Universal over age 18. Member of: UN, CIS, OSCE, "Partnership for Peace" and other.