Up until now, shipowners operating in U.S. waters only had limited options to comply with U.S. Coast Guard regulations for ballast water management. They could: install a ballast water treatment system (BWTS) accepted under the Coast Guard's Alternative Management Systems (AMS) program; seek an extension to the vessel's compliance date; use ballast water obtained exclusively from a U.S. public water system; discharge ballast water to a reception facility; or no discharge of unmanaged ballast water inside 12 nautical miles.
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