'Your pronunciation and your accent is very excellent': orientations of identity during compliment sequences in English as a lingua franca encounters

摘要

客觀的來說，英語在世界範園內的廣泛使用已經改變了很多人的交際準則和行 為。英語的道種影響力在未來還會持績。英語的國際化也引起了開於英語的所 有權、語言領域的帝國主義、語霣耗損以及語言的互通性等各種討討諭。這些話 題所涉及的領域是非常值得以話語分析和文化認同的角度進行實證研究的。例 如，儘管英語在全世界廣泛使用，在不同的地區英語的學習和日常使用以及其 對家庭和社會團體的影響都是不同的。本文旨在調査來自世界不同地區的英語 使用者在一起使用英語交流時，身份認同是如何作用的。具體而言本文採用 會員分類分析來研究英語通用語使用者，研究所使用的數據來自一個多方語音 聊天室聊天內容的語料庫和維也納-牛津英語國際語料庫。本文側重於分析在聊 天過程中聊天者如何稱讚彼此的英語語言水平以及如何回應對方的誇獎，以此 展現恭維行為的發展模式是如何為與英語作為通用語相觀的話語身份認同提供 有趣的信息。該研究發現恭維行為的發展模式通常會引起所謂的'非母語者，的 身份認同的產生。更重要的是，該研究發現英語通用語使用者在交流過程中話 語身份認同的形成與重建是一個動態的、不斷變化的通程。%The widespread use of English has - for better or worse - shaped the social and communicative norms and practices of many people the world over, and the likelihood of this continuing for the foreseeable future raises questions concerning English ownership, linguistic imperialism, language attrition, and mutual intelligibility, to name a few. These themes and issues are empirically rich areas of investigation for discourse and identity studies. For example, despite its widespread use and exposure, English varies from one region to another with regard to how it is learned and used in day-to-day life and the social significance it has with families and communities. The present study investigates the identity work that takes place when interactants from different parts of the world come together and communicate in English. Specifically, this study uses membership categorization analysis to examine English as a lingua franca (ELF) encounters. Data come from a large corpus of multi-party voice-based chat rooms and the Vienna-Oxford International Corpus of English. The analysis focuses on how interactants give, and respond to, compliments concerning language proficiency. The paper aims to show how compliment sequences provide a window into how identities are co-constructed in intercultural, lingua franca encounters. Observations reveal that compliment sequences often lead to orientations of so-called 'non-native' identities, and highlight the fluid and dynamic nature of discourse identity invocation and co-construction during ELF encounters.