Systematic revision of Jorunna Bergh, 1876 (Nudibranchia: Discodorididae) with a morphological phylogenetic analysis

摘要

The genus Jorunna is characterized by a dorsum covered with caryophyllidia, a prostate with two sections, a penis usually unarmed but occasionally armed with hooks, a copulatory spine, the presence of an accessory gland and a labial cuticle smooth or armed with jaw elements. The examination of 216 non-type specimens, 30 types, and a review of the literature show that there are 16 valid species of the genus Jorunna: J. tomentosa ( Cuvier, 1804); J. funebris ( Kelaart, 1859); J. pantherina Angas, 1864; J. rubescens ( Bergh, 1876); J. labialis ( Eliot, 1908); J. parva ( Baba, 1938); J. spazzola ( Marcus, 1955); J. hartleyi ( Burn, 1958); J. alisonae Marcus, 1976; J. lemchei ( Marcus, 1976); J. evansi ( Eliot, 1906); J. pardus Behrens & Henderson, 1981; J.ramicola Miller, 1996 and J. onubensis Cervera, García-Gómez & García, 1986. In addition, two new species from the Eastern Pacific are described: J. osae n. sp. and J. tempisquensis n. sp. We propose two new combinations: Jorunna parva and J. evansi. New records for the genus Jorunna are provided from Italy, Algeria, Seychelles, Madagascar, Thailand, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, ?le de la Réunion, Sudan, Papua New Guinea, Indonesia, Panama, Costa Rica, Bahamas, and Southern Mexico. We present the first preliminary phylogenetic analysis of this cryptobranch dorid genus, based on morphological anatomical data, and discuss the biogeography and evolution of several characters in this group. The phylogeny supports the hypothesis that the genus Jorunna is a monophyletic group and shows that Kentrodoris is nested within it.