High Porosity Metallic Materials with Ordered Structure Part Ⅰ: General characteristics and relations

摘要

High porosity metallic materials are designed for special properties, which can be used in many industrial applications. The development of new porous structures can be a relevant challenge for materials scientists. This paper discusses general characteristics, structure, properties and some manufacturing practices of ordered porosity metal materials, which are relatively new materials. An overview the metals and alloys used and mechanical properties studied is presented. The relation between structure characteristic and mechanical properties is discussed. Some basic relations between processing parameters and structure characteristics are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the complex physical phenomena in ordered porosity structure formation. Such structures can be obtained during solidification of eutectic or hy-poeutectic compositions. The differences for these two cases are described in detail and conditions for production of high porosity ingots are discussed.