Application of aqueous two-phase systems for the development of a new method of cobalt(II), iron(III) and nickel(II) extraction: A green chemistry approach

摘要

We have investigated the extraction behavior of the metallic ions Co(II), Fe(III) and Ni(II) as a function of the amount of potassium thiocyanate used as an extracting agent, using the following aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS): PEO + (NH_4)_2SO_4 + H_2O, PEO + Li_2SO_4 + H_2O, L35 + (NH_4)2SO_4 + H2O and L35 + (Li)_2SO_4 + H_2O. Metal extraction from the salt-rich phase to the polymer-rich phase is affected by the following parameters: amount of added extractant, pH, and the nature of the electrolyte and polymer that forms the ATPS. Maximal extraction percentages were obtained for Co(II) (99.8%), Fe(III) (12.7%) and Ni(II) (3.17%) when the ATPS was composed of PEO1500 + (NH_4)_2SO_4 + H_2O containing 1.4mmol of KSCN at pH 4.0, providing separation factors as high as S_(Co, Fe) = 3440 and S_(Co, Ni) = 15,300. However, when the same ATPS was used at pH 2.0, the maximal extraction percentages for iron and nickel were 99.5% and 4.34%, respectively, with S_(Fe, Ni) equal to 4380. The proposed technique was shown to be efficient in the extraction of Co(II) and Fe(III), with large viability for the selective separation of Co(II) and Fe(III) ions in the presence of Ni(II).