Fair evaluation methods for image watermarking systems

摘要

Since the early 1990s a number of papers on " robust" digital water marking systems have been presented but none of them uses the same robustness criteria. This is not practical at all for comparison and slows down progress in this area. To address this issue, we present an evaluation procedure of image watermark- ing systems. First we identify all necessary parameters for proper benchmarking and investigate how to quantitatively describe the im- age degradation introduced by the watermarking process.