The New Demographic Transition: Most Gains in Life Expectancy Now Realized Late in Life

摘要

The original "demographic transition" describes a process that began in Europe by the early 1800s with decreases in mortality followed, usually after a lag, by decreases in fertility (Davis 1945; for an overview in this journal, see Lee 2003). According to Lee and Reher (2011, p. 1), "this historical process ranks as one of the most important changes affecting human society in the past half millennium."