The Oxford Handbook of Post-Keynesian Economics

摘要

In their Journal of Economic Literature article of forty years ago, Alfred Eichner and Jan Kregel (1975) summarized the key features of post-Keynesian economics as follows. First, income effects trump substitution effects at the microeconomic level and at the macroeconomic level. Second, income distribution determines macroeconomic outcomes. Third, market power is endemic in developed economies. Finally, history and path dependence are important. To this we can add a recognition that many decisions are made under conditions of uncertainty, rather than calculable risk, and that people are not rational in the traditional economic sense of the term. Human behavior is driven by social factors, habit, and by our genetic makeup as it evolved over hundreds of thousands of years.