民間賃貸住宅における高齢者等を対象とした居住支援の特徴と効果: 特定非営利活動法人が福岡市で実施する居住支援活動の事例より

摘要

住まいの確保が困難な低額所得者・高齢者・障害者等の問題に対処するため、国は2007年に「住宅確保要配慮者に対する賃貸住宅の供給の促進に関する法律」（略称：住宅セーフティネット法）を制定し、公的賃貸住宅を供給するとともに、民間賃貸住宅への円滑な入居の促進を図っている。後者の施策として2006年度から「あんしん賃貸支援事業」を開始しているが、登録された支援団体は17地域計42団体と限られ、居住支援の実績も少ないため、実際に必要な支援の中身やかかる時間・労力は十分に把握されていない。%This paper aimed to clarify the characteristics and effects of support given to elderly and other distressed people for occupying private rental housing. We examined 41 support cases managed by a non-profit organization (NPO) in Fukuoka City to observe the contents, frequency, and required time for housing support. An analysis of the cases revealed the following characteristics: (1) the necessity of support depends on the age and physical conditions of the people, the reasons for and process of shifting, and the existence of supporters apart from NPOs; (2) the support provided before a person occupies a house is basically consistent with the general procedure of rental contracts; (3) the support provided after the person occupies the house is provided flexibly according to each person's demands, and serious problems are prevented by regular monitoring as part of basic support; and (4) the support provided for vacating the house differs according to reasons such as shifting to another institution, hospitalization, and death.