高齢者の加齢変化に対応した地域居住サボート環境の変化とその統合モデル化の試み

摘要

The previous study clarified the actual condition of reciprocal complementary division of roles between welfare facilities and reciprocal supporting places for the elderly. This paper clarifies the changes in the local living support environment brought about by the ageing of previous objective persons, and proposes an enhanced local living support model.A hearing survey and on-site observations were held to record behaviors and support provided for three people. Conclusions are as follows: Environmental transition such as institutionalization and shift of facilities were observed According to this transition, decrease of the role of complementary supporting places and increase in formal caring places were seen. There are two types of elements that indicate a turning point in respective environmental transitions; private elements such as hospitalization, and environmental elements such as limitation of self-help caregivers and local reciprocal caregivers. Therefore, the support from formal caregivers such as care managers is indispensable for promoting effective use of independent and spontaneous local complementary support. From this, coping well at a turning point for such a transition would be available. The following four factors that enable the elderly to live in their own homes are suggested;1.Various types of complementary support 2. Formation of inhabitants' gathering spaces and their development into complementary support places 3. Coordination of support networks for the elderly 4. Location of an urban area within a walking distance.%2012年度の介護保険制度改正により、地域包括ケア政策が始まった。これは「誰もが住み慣れた地域で暮らし続けられるようにするには、自助•互助（近隣•仲間によるインフォーマルな支援）•共助（介護保険•医療保険等）•公助（選別的な社会福祉）を組み合わせる必要がある」というものである。