沖縄本島•旧勝連間切の近•現代における村落空間の特徴と変遷: 村落空間構成の復元を通じて その2

摘要

The purpose of this study is to reproduce the restored old maps of rural villages on the main island of Okinawa by cadastral maps made in 1902-1903, in combination with historical records. Moreover, changes of the spatial composition of each village were analyzed by comparing their restored maps with the aerial photographs by the U.S. Forces, the present maps and field survey. It was found that the general structure of streets described as "grid-pattern", and the location of holy places called Utaki had seldom changed until present. On the other hand, residential area had greatly expanded in each village, and a large areas of the farmlands and woods had now vanished in comparison with the restored maps.%本研究ではまず、明治期（35•36年）の村落空間の詳細な復元図から、往事の村落空間の特徴を明らかにした。そして、近世期に村落移動を経験した南風原村、内間村と、移動のなかった平安名村、平敷屋村とを取り上げて比較した。このうち、村落が移動した南風原村においては、居住域背後の腰当森の山林（のちに保安林と加筆）が村落全体を取り囲む構造が確認された。これは、前稿で指摘した八重山•石垣島の近世村落の空間的特徴「村抱護」にきわめて類似した構造であり、沖網本島の村落においても、風水思想に基づいた地理的概念いわゆる「抱護」が存在した可能性を示唆できた。