Combining social shaping of technology and communicative action theory for understanding rhetorical closure in IT

摘要

Purpose - Proposes the concept of rhetorical closure to address the phenomenon of pervasive IT "fashions". Suggests that prevailing discourses surrounding IT are dominated by the rhetoric of closure and that such closure, although mutually constructed by suppliers, consultants and managers, has had several adverse consequences in terms of organizational change and results. Stimulates a critical thinking regarding the persistence of successive waves of new IT fashions and the consequences of closure on practice. Design/methodology/approach - Theoretical framework informed by political views within the social shaping school combined with Habermas' theory of communicative action. Illustration of the argument is based on 22 semi-structured interviews (senior practitioners from client-firms, software suppliers and consulting-firms working on ERP projects). Findings - Outlines the nature of the "chain reaction" produced by rhetorical closure from individual practices to the segment level. Identifies occasions for breaking down rhetorical closure at the three levels of analysis. At the individual level, opportunities are related to daily users' practices. At the organizational level, opportunities are related to ongoing organizational decisions and negotiations regarding IT adoption. At the segment level, opportunities are related to forming coalitions, networks and groups of users. Originality/value - Adopts an original perspective, examining the concept of rhetorical closure from a combination of two approaches: social shaping of technology and communicative action theory. Connects different types of closure to different types of rationality, and recognizes the specific validity claims underlying them. Calls into question current decision-making processes that sustain IT pervasiveness and taken-for-granted assumptions of inevitability associated with new IT fashions.